artificial pancreas

Artificial pancreas will be created by the scientists of diabetes with insulin pump manufacturer, Animas.The Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) suggests, they choose the unit of Johnson Johnson was to develop and try new technologies, namely pumps and control systems specifically for diabetes type 1.
"This will be a first stage of research and development toward the creation of an artificial pancreas, said Dr. Henry Anhalt, director of medical affairs of ANL-mas, as quoted by Maggie Fox of Reuters. Anlmas will work with the foundation is to create solidarity between recording devices glucose, insulin pumps, and some software to wireless technology.

The new system will make it easier for diabetics to check blood and inject insulin. The goal is a tool that is able to check the blood at any time and inject insulin as needed, without the help of others. That means this technology in the future be only one package, either insulin pump or glucose alone recording system. Herein lies the power of ma-gisnya, when both the tool is able to communicate with each other. Now the two devices is already available but are still separated, said Alan Lewis, the acting Chief Executive Officer and President of JDRF. The trust has spent years working with science centers to build a perfect system and could be marketed.

"Anlmas is an agency that provides the equipment. JDRF will become a partner that uses our knowledge and expertise," said Lewis again. Foundations were poured eight million dollars for the next three years for that project. Type 1 diabetes is a disease "autoimune", ie the immune system is actually damaging the pancreas cells that produce insulin. The body is no longer able to dissolve and use the sugar.

If untreated, it will damage the blood vessels and nerves, orgarvorgan body, and finally his meninggal.Bah if untreated, the blood vessels and organs remain damaged, blindness, kidney failure, and even lost limbs. IN the United States (U.S.) estimated three million, an average of children and adolescents, type 1 diabetes. This could be a first aid for not only improve glucose control but also lift the entire burden, "said Aaron Kowalskydari JDRF

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pancreas tummor islet cell

Pancreatic Islet Tumors are rare pancreatic tumors. Emerged from a cell tumors of the pancreas. In normal pancreas, small cells produce hormones that regulate various body functions, such as blood sugar levels and gastric acid production.

Tumors that arise from the pancreatic islet cells can also produce various hormones, although some do not. Although islet cells produce different hormones, most tumors release only certain hormones that lead to specific symptoms. Pancreatic islet cell tumors can be benign or malignant (cancerous).

Symptom
# Sweating
# Tremor
# Rapid heartbeat
# Anxiety
# Feeling hungry
# Dizziness
# The view blurred
# Seizures
# Loss of consciousness
# The mouth and tongue inflamed.

Treatment
Pancreas tumor Treatment will depend on the type of tumor was found and whether benign or malignant tumors. Malignant tumors spread to other organs, grow aggressively, and may not be treated. If possible, generally, the tumors removed surgically.

If malignant cancer cells spread (metastasize) to the liver, partial liver may be removed. If the cancer is widespread, various forms of chemotherapy can be used to shrink tumors.

If the abnormal hormone production caused the problem, medication can be given to counter their effects. For example, overproduction of gastrin in a case over skresi gastrinomas result in stomach acid, and drugs that inhibit acid secretion can be taken to alleviate the symptoms.

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byetta

A kind of new diabetes drug that has yielded billions of dollars in sales, now faces a situation of uncertain future after the resulting six cases of pancreatic inflammation and irritation of the user experience, where the drug was given the name of Byetta, Amylin Pharmaceuticals and is made by Eli Lilly.

Called GLP-1 drugs such as Byetta, and similar products manufactured are also produced by several companies such as Novo Nordisk and Roche, it looks like and promises a new way to fight the problem of diabetes, linked to weight problems (obesity).

Byetta was introduced in 2005 to treat type 2 diabetes and have been sold throughout the world who generate sales value amounted to 195 million dollars in the second quarter, increasing 25% a year later.

The last case caused two people died wearer. News about the effects of these drugs has caused Amylin shares fall 13% market share in New York. In Europe, Novo Nordisk, based in the Danish stock price was down 4.66%. Liraglutide is a new drug for the company's expectations Novo, with analysis of the estimated 1 billion sales per year - six billion dollars. Shares in Ipsen, a French producer of drugs that produce similar drugs called taspoglutide with Roche, the stock price fell by 2.63.

Byetta, liraglutide and taspoglutide made for to stimulate release of insulin only when blood sugar levels are very high. Is everything going to cause side effects such as Byetta is still not clear.

Mads Krogsgaard Thomsen, chief science officer of a Novo said that even has discovered several cases of pancreatitis in patients taking liraglutide, but there was no statistically significant data showing a higher frequency in patients taking liraglutide. Byetta were injected two times a day, while liraglutide taken once daily.

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soft drink, bad for your pancreas

A recent study about the effects of carbonated soft drinks or soft drinks reveals gruesome facts. According to a study published in 'Cancer, Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention' people who drink soft drinks at least twice a week at risk of suffering from pancreatic cancer two-fold.

The researchers collected data on consumption of soft drinks, juices, diet and nutrition, as well as data about lifestyle and environmental factors of 60.524 Singaporean people. Unsparing study followed up until 14 years. The study was conducted on residents living in housing owned by the government - such as that served nine of 10 Singaporeans. Research attention to diet, physical activity, reproductive history, occupation, and medical history.

Research shows 87 percent of the highest risk of pancreatic cancer were those who drank two or more soft drinks per week. Meanwhile, there's no linkage factor natara juice consumption with pancreatic cancer.

Why? "High sugar levels in soft drinks will increase insulin levels in the body. That is what encourages the growth of pancreatic cancer cells," said lead researcher Mark Pereira of the University of Minnesota, such as pages loaded News.com.au, Tuesday, February 9, 2010. Insulin, he added, helps the body metabolizes sugar. Insulin is produced in the pancreas.

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly types of cancer. According to the American Cancer Sosiety, only five percent of people convicted of pancreatic cancer, which can survive for five years. Pereira said the doctor, although research conducted in Asia, the results are relevant also for Westerners. "Singapore is a developed country with good healthcare. The population fond of eating and shopping, the same as in Western countries," he added.

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flavanol for your pancreas

Research on diet of 183.518 residents of California and Hawaii, has shown evidence that foods containing a lot of flavonols may help prevent cancers of the pancreas. Flavonols can be found in plant foods. Onions, apples, berries, green vegetables, and broccoli has the highest flavonol content.

From other research there for an average of 529 people eight years of pancreatic cancer. People who eat foods with the highest flavonol content in their diet, as measured by the "list of what questions they often eat", has a 23% lower risk of esophageal cancer of the pancreas compared with people with the lowest flavonol levels, said Dr. Nthlings Ute from Germany Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke at the annual meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research in Los Angeles.

In this case smokers took the most benefit. The condition is because they already face a high risk for pancreatic cancer. Smokers who ate the most flavonols reduced risk for pancreatic cancer gland until 59%, compared with smokers who consumed at least flavonols.

Current smoking was the only risk factor for this disease. "Quitting smoking short-term and constantly show lifestyle factors, may help protect people from this deadly cancer," said Nthlings in a statement.

Of the three individual flavonols studied (kaempferol, quercetin and myricetin). Kaempferol, which is abundant in spinach and some cabbages, associated with the largest risk reduction (22%) among all subjects studied.

At all levels of consumption, total consumption of flavonol such as quercetin are most numerous in the onion and myricetin are found in berries, associated with a statistically significant trend toward reduced pancreatic cancer risk among current smokers, but not among former smokers or those who never smoked.

The study did not investigate the biological mechanisms of how the flavonols might protect humans from cancer, pancreatic gland. However, anti-cancer effects of such materials, in general, has stems from its ability to inhibit cell growth and oxidative stress, and enter a detoxification enzymes and programmed cell death.

In conclusion, Nthlings said, "these important findings is that consuming a lot of flavonols might help reduce pancreatic cancer risk, especially among smokers. Therefore, this study underlines the current recommendation regarding the consumption of foods based on vegetable oils, although these findings still must be confirmed in other studies to produce a definite conclusion. "

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wrong medicine could damage your pancreas

A popular drug used to treat Type 2 diabetes likely potential to cause side effects such as disruption of pancreatic (pancreas), low levels for some patients. But if the drug is often consumed for a long time, the user at risk of pancreatic cancer.

According to the result of a team of researchers from the University of California (UCLA), United States, as contained in pages ScienceDaily, May 1, 2009. According to the research team, which referred to the diabetes drug sitagliptin, which is sold in pill form with the name Januvia, marketed by Merck & Co.. Inc.

That Drugs cause disturbances in the pancreas. In addition, one of the important organs in the body's digestive system can become inflamed. For the long term, the most severe effect is pancreatic cancer. Sitagliptin is a member of a new class of drugs that can improve the performance of the gut hormone known as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). The hormone was shown to be effective in lowering blood sugar levels for people with Type 2 diabetes.

"Type 2 Diabetes is a lifelong disease. The patient was taking the same drugs for years, it is feared could lead to the emergence of side effects with the risk of pancreatic cancer," said dr. Peter Butler, director of the center Hillblom and concurrent chairman of the research team.

"The problem now is the effects of unwanted medicines for the pancreas that can not be detected by human beings except the pancreas are removed from the body and investigated," continued Butler.

Researchers are also studying the link between Byetta - a drug that is also used for Type 2 diabetes associated with Hanuvia - and inflammation of the pancreas. Therefore Oversight Office at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued warning letters to Amylin Corp., which manufactures Byetta, although there is no certain results about the drug connection with disorders of the pancreas.

To be sure, the UCLA team considered that there may be links between drugs that enhance the action of GLP-1 with inflammation of the pancreas.

However, Butler admitted his team just apply to the rat experiment. Thus, there may be effects found in mice does not occur in humans. "So, while waiting for other data, it is good enough if this temporary use of GLP-1 class of drugs with metformin," said Butler.

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Diabetes Danger

Here are some serious dangers caused by diabetes.

*
Long-Term Complications
Diabetes can cause long-term complications such as heart attack, stroke, blindness due to glaucoma, kidney disease, and wounds can not heal until the infection and had to be amputated. Even the most dreadful degree is death. These complications caused by blood vessel damage, nerve damage, and the inability of the body against infection. However, not all diabetic patients experience long-term problems of this.

*
Hypoglycemia
Although it is not good when a high sugar content, but a patient with diabetes mellitus or diabetes may also be a sudden onset of very low blood sugar below the normal threshold is called hypoglycemia. It's also very dangerous because it can make sufferers shaky, sweaty, tired, hungry, irritable, or confused or fast heartbeat, blurred vision, headache, body numbness, or tingling around the mouth and lips. Even be the seizure or fainting. Often times, proper diet and regular meals can help prevent problems that. Consume glucose, such as fruit juice or glucose tablets, can raise blood sugar levels back to a safer level to other foods can be consumed.
*
Ketoacidosis
If glucose can not be processed properly by the body, fat and protein in the body to be utilized by the body's energy. But when the body burns fat, forming a residue called ketones. Ketones accumulate in the blood and flows into the urine. Since the ketone is more acidic than healthy tissue, high levels of ketones in the blood can cause a serious condition called ketoacidosis. The early symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis is thirst and frequent urination, nausea, vomiting, fatigue and abdominal pain (especially in children). Breathing becomes deep and rapid as the body attempts to repair the blood acidity. Patient breath smells like the smell of acetone. Diabetic ketoacidosis could develop into a coma, sometimes within just a few hours.


Prevent and Control Diabetes

Given the dangers and complications that can result from diabetes, then avoid or control high blood sugar levels is the best way. How?

* Lose weight. Fat in the body can absorb insulin.
* Avoid fatty foods, preserved or fried. Instead, choose foods high in carbohydrate and glucose complex.
* Reduce or sweet foods which contain lots of high calorie glucose.
* Drink plenty of water.
* Exercise regularly.
* Avoid stress.
* Avoid alcohol or softdrink.
* Avoid smoking. Diabetics who smoke are even more risky, because of their habits of heart and circulatory system damage, and narrowing of blood vessels. A reference stating that 95 percent of diabetes-related amputations performed on smokers.
* Drink a doctor recommended drug for lowering blood sugar levels.
* For patients with type 1 diabetes, regular insulin should be given through insulin therapy.

Cure diabetes did not exist, but by controlling blood sugar, one can avoid the dangers of this disease. Changing diet and lifestyle for the better and more healthy to be started. People who suspect that he was suffering from diabetes should see a doctor who has experience in the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

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Diabetes Symptoms

Because of the lack of insulin and has a high sugar content in blood, then some of the symptoms that are common to both type 1 diabetes or type 2. If you experience some of these symptoms, you'll want to check to determine blood sugar levels. In general, several symptoms that occur include:

* Frequent urination
* Often feel very thirsty
* Often hungry because they do not have enough energy so the body's hunger signals
* Weight loss despite a sudden there is no attempt to lose weight. This is because when the body can not distribute the sugar into the cells, the body burn fat and protein alone to get energy.
* Frequently tingling in the feet or hands.
* Having problems like itchy skin or ulcers.
* If injured, take longer to be cured.
* Changes in behavior such as irritability. The causes for type 1 diabetics often awoke at night to urinate and could not sleep soundly.
* Easy to feel tired.


Are You Affected Diabetes?

Although these symptoms can indicate a person has had diabetes, but the best way to determine whether you have diabetes or not is to do the checking. What can be done to see if you have diabetes? Here are some alternatives that you can do either personally or in clinical tests.

How much sugar levels are normal?
Sugar levels after fasting:
Normal: below 100 mg / dl
Prediabetes: 100-126 mg / dl
Diabetes: above 126 mg / dl

Sugar levels two hours after eating:
Normal: below 140 mg / dl
Prediabetes: 140-200 mg / dl
Diabetes: above 200 mg / dl

Blood Tests

Usually done in the laboratory, which is tested when fasting and postprandial blood. Before conducting the test, you must fast for 12 hours. Normal glucose levels during fasting is below 100 mg / dl. After that, blood sampling will be carried back two hours after eating, when the results above 140 mg / dL may mean you have diabetes.

Urine tests

Urine or urine checked for albumin, sugar and determines the mikroalbuminurea to whether a person suffering from this disease or not. This test was also conducted in the laboratory or clinic.

Glukometer

This test can be done independently at home if you have the appliance. The trick is to put a needle in the finger to take blood samples. Then, blood samples were placed into the gap which is available on glukometer machine. The result is not too accurate, but can be used to monitor the sugar for people with no indication of sugar so that if the height can be checked in the lab and call the doctor. Recent glukometer tools have been designed so easy to use and does not cause pain when taking a blood sample.

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pancreas

The pancreas is a rather narrow length gland. It lies behind the duodenum and contains a collection of cells called Langerhans islands. Langerhans Islands produce insulin and glucagon hormones used to regulate the amount of sugar in the blood. Insulin will convert blood glucose excess into glycogen and then stored in the liver and muscles. At a time when the body requires extra energy, glycogen stored in the liver will be modified by glucagon to glucose which can be used as additional energy.

Pancreas also contains cells that produce pancreatic Lymph. pancreatic Lymph is a digestive Lymph that has an important role in treating the three main groups of organic foods, namely carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. pancreatic Lymph is mainly composed of water, bicarbonate, and enzymes that can be categorized based on the enzyme trypsin, the enzyme amylase, and lipase.

Pancreatic Lymph flowed into duodenum via two channels along the pancreas. In the duodenum, bicarbonate neutralizes acid chymus. Trypsin work on proteins in the food and helped refine the process of digestion in the stomach with pepsin enzyme produced by the stomach. Amylase role in the continuing process of carbohydrate solution that had been initiated by the enzymes in saliva ptyalin. Meanwhile, the lipase has a role no less important in the process of splitting fat.

The development of an artificial pancreas, replacement of the beta cell mass using pluripotent stem cells, and transplantation of pancreatic islets isolated from cadaveric organs are the most promising approaches. At any given moment, any one of these approaches could lead to a breakthrough. Islet transplantation has emerged as a promising alternative to treat diabetes. Even when insulin independence has been achieved only for a relatively short period of time after an islets transplant, the metabolic improvement of an islet graft is clinically significant. The prevention of the immunorejection of an islets graft could make islets transplantation the cure of at least type 1 diabetes.

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type 2 diabetes

type 2 diabetes often also called Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, or Diabetes Mellitus Without Insulin Dependent. Unlike diabetest type 1, type 2 problem is not because the pancreas does not produce insulin, but because the insulin produced by pancreas is not enough. Most of the insulin, inhaled by fat cells due to lifestyle and eating habits. While the pancreas can not make enough insulin to overcome insulin deficiency so that blood sugar levels will rise.

Type 2 diabetes is a type of diabetes that affects the majority. Approximately 90% to 95% of diabetics suffers type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes, is most commonly suffered by adults over the age of 30 years and tends to get worse gradually.

Causes of Type 2 Diabetes
The cause of type 2 diabetes is the insulin produced by the pancreas is not sufficient to bind the sugar in the blood caus of diet or an unhealthy lifestyle. Some of the main causes of type 2 diabetes can be summarized as follows:

* genetic Factor.
* A diet or an unhealthy lifestyle. Numbers of fast food outlets (fast food), which presents the fatty and unhealthy foods.
* High cholesterol levels.
* Rarely exercise.
* Obesity or being overweight.

All causes of type 2 diabetes is generally due to unhealthy lifestyles. This makes the metabolism in the body is not perfect, so make insulin in the body can not function properly. The insulin hormone can be absorbed by fat in the body. Thus diet and unhealthy living light can make the body lacks insulin.

Type 2 Diabetes Treatment

Type 2 diabetes treatment is to force the work function of the pancreas so it can produce more insulin. If the pancreas can produce insulin the body needed, then the blood sugar levels would decrease due to be converted into energy. In many cases, can be treated with pills, at least initially, to stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin. The pill itself is not insulin.

However the pancreas can be tired if constantly forced to produce insulin. The best way is with a good diet to lose weight and sugar content, accompanied by appropriate calisthenics.

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type 1 diabetes

In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas can not produce insulin. Because of the lack of insulin, the glucose stays in the bloodstream and can not be used as energy. Without enough insulin, glucose builds up in the bloodstream instead of going into the cells. The body is unable to use this glucose for energy. This leads to the symptoms of type 1 diabetes.

The exact cause of diabetes is unknown, but most likely there is a viral or environmental trigger in genetically susceptible people that causes an immune reaction. The body's white blood cells mistakenly attack the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Some reasons why the pancreas can not produce insulin are:

* genetic factors. If one or both parents had diabetes, then the children are at risk of diabetes.
* Autoimmune body is allergic to one type of cell or tissue itself -in this case- which exist in the pancreas. The body loses the ability to form insulin because the immune system destroys the cells that produce insulin.
* Virus or chemical substances, that cause damage to the cells (cell groups) in the pancreas where insulin is made.

Type 1 Diabetes Treatment

Because the pancreas produces insulin difficulties, then the insulin must be added each day. Generally by the injection. Is it possible with oral care? You can not, because insulin can be destroyed in the stomach when inserted through the mouth.

Another way is to improve the function of the pancreas. If the pancreas can function normally, the pancreas can produce insulin the body needs.

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diabetes definition

The full name of the diabetes is diabetes mellitus. The term "diabetes mellitus" comes from the Greek which, when translated means "flowing through the pipe with atmospheric pressure" and the Latin language which can be translated as "sweet as honey". this Greek and Latin understanding, describe diabetes precisely. Because the water past the body of diabetic patients as if poured from the mouth through the urinary tract and directly out of the body. Diabetisi urine it was sweet, because it contains sugar. Long time ago, one tests for diabetes is, to pour the patient's urine near an ant nest. If the insects infest the urine, this indicates the existence of sugar.
Every food we eat is converted into energy by the body. In the stomach and intestines, food elaborated into several basic elements, including one type of sugar, namely glucose. If there is sugar, the pancreas produces insulin, which helps drain the sugar into body cells. Then, the sugar can be absorbed well in the body and burned to produce energy.

When a person has diabetes, their pancreas can not produce enough insulin to absorb sugar obtained from food. That which causes blood the hight of sugar levels, due to heaps of sugar from food that can not be absorbed well and burned into energy. Other causes are the defective of insulin or the body can not utilize insulin properly.

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas, an organ next to the stomach. This hormone attaches itself to receptors on the cell wall. Insulin receptors duty is to open the cell wall, so glucose enters the cell. Then, these cells convert glucose into energy which body needs to do activities. In other words, insulin helps deliver sugar into cells so that transformed into energy. If the amount of insulin is not enough, the sugar will hoard in the blood causing diabetes.

The cause of diabetes depending on the type of diabetes who suffer. There are two common types of diabetes are type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. The difference is in type 1 diabetes, pancreas can not produce insulin, while type 2 diabetes, pancreas produce not enough insulin.

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