Because of the lack of insulin and has a high sugar content in blood, then some of the symptoms that are common to both type 1 diabetes or type 2. If you experience some of these symptoms, you'll want to check to determine blood sugar levels. In general, several symptoms that occur include:
* Frequent urination
* Often feel very thirsty
* Often hungry because they do not have enough energy so the body's hunger signals
* Weight loss despite a sudden there is no attempt to lose weight. This is because when the body can not distribute the sugar into the cells, the body burn fat and protein alone to get energy.
* Frequently tingling in the feet or hands.
* Having problems like itchy skin or ulcers.
* If injured, take longer to be cured.
* Changes in behavior such as irritability. The causes for type 1 diabetics often awoke at night to urinate and could not sleep soundly.
* Easy to feel tired.
Are You Affected Diabetes?
Although these symptoms can indicate a person has had diabetes, but the best way to determine whether you have diabetes or not is to do the checking. What can be done to see if you have diabetes? Here are some alternatives that you can do either personally or in clinical tests.
How much sugar levels are normal?
Sugar levels after fasting:
Normal: below 100 mg / dl
Prediabetes: 100-126 mg / dl
Diabetes: above 126 mg / dl
Sugar levels two hours after eating:
Normal: below 140 mg / dl
Prediabetes: 140-200 mg / dl
Diabetes: above 200 mg / dl
Blood Tests
Usually done in the laboratory, which is tested when fasting and postprandial blood. Before conducting the test, you must fast for 12 hours. Normal glucose levels during fasting is below 100 mg / dl. After that, blood sampling will be carried back two hours after eating, when the results above 140 mg / dL may mean you have diabetes.
Urine tests
Urine or urine checked for albumin, sugar and determines the mikroalbuminurea to whether a person suffering from this disease or not. This test was also conducted in the laboratory or clinic.
Glukometer
This test can be done independently at home if you have the appliance. The trick is to put a needle in the finger to take blood samples. Then, blood samples were placed into the gap which is available on glukometer machine. The result is not too accurate, but can be used to monitor the sugar for people with no indication of sugar so that if the height can be checked in the lab and call the doctor. Recent glukometer tools have been designed so easy to use and does not cause pain when taking a blood sample.
Diabetes Symptoms
diabetes and pancreas cancer
Diabetic which suffered by Americans with middle-aged or older than the newly diagnosed , it also has a high risk of pancreatic cancer. This was revealed in the results of a study conducted at the Mayo Clinic Cancer in the United States, published Tuesday (2 / 8).
Diabetes, During the three years since being diagnosed with patients had a risk eight times higher pancreatic cancer compared with those without diabetes, according to the study. Diabetes itself may be as early symptoms of pancreas cancer, the researchers said. "Pancreatic cancer is difficult to detect until entering an advanced stage, so that life expectancy for patients is very small," said Dr Suresh Chari, who led the study.
"This study is important, because it can lead us to identify indicators that enable early detection and treatment," he said. Pancreatic cancer has killed all the 32 000 people diagnosed with the disease in the United States, so putting this as a killer disease for case number four cancer.
In the journal Gastroenterology, Chari with colleagues say they have conducted a study of 2122 patients from Rochester, Minnesota, aged 50 and more than 50 years who were diagnosed with diabetes between 1950 and 1995. Pancreatic cancer is uncommon and difficult to detect, in which 18 of the patients who performed the study of new cancer diagnosed within three years.
Chari leadership team is then comparing that figure with the number of people with age and same sex who are not diabetic. From there to know that with diabetes have a risk eight times higher pancreatic cancer compared to those without diabetes.
There are two types of diabetes, namely type-2 diabetes can be diagnosed when the body no longer respond properly to insulin, while type-1 diabetes can be caused by damage to cells in the pancreas.
pancreas
The pancreas is a rather narrow length gland. It lies behind the duodenum and contains a collection of cells called Langerhans islands. Langerhans Islands produce insulin and glucagon hormones used to regulate the amount of sugar in the blood. Insulin will convert blood glucose excess into glycogen and then stored in the liver and muscles. At a time when the body requires extra energy, glycogen stored in the liver will be modified by glucagon to glucose which can be used as additional energy.
Pancreas also contains cells that produce pancreatic Lymph. pancreatic Lymph is a digestive Lymph that has an important role in treating the three main groups of organic foods, namely carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. pancreatic Lymph is mainly composed of water, bicarbonate, and enzymes that can be categorized based on the enzyme trypsin, the enzyme amylase, and lipase.
Pancreatic Lymph flowed into duodenum via two channels along the pancreas. In the duodenum, bicarbonate neutralizes acid chymus. Trypsin work on proteins in the food and helped refine the process of digestion in the stomach with pepsin enzyme produced by the stomach. Amylase role in the continuing process of carbohydrate solution that had been initiated by the enzymes in saliva ptyalin. Meanwhile, the lipase has a role no less important in the process of splitting fat.
The development of an artificial pancreas, replacement of the beta cell mass using pluripotent stem cells, and transplantation of pancreatic islets isolated from cadaveric organs are the most promising approaches. At any given moment, any one of these approaches could lead to a breakthrough. Islet transplantation has emerged as a promising alternative to treat diabetes. Even when insulin independence has been achieved only for a relatively short period of time after an islets transplant, the metabolic improvement of an islet graft is clinically significant. The prevention of the immunorejection of an islets graft could make islets transplantation the cure of at least type 1 diabetes.
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type 2 diabetes
type 2 diabetes often also called Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, or Diabetes Mellitus Without Insulin Dependent. Unlike diabetest type 1, type 2 problem is not because the pancreas does not produce insulin, but because the insulin produced by pancreas is not enough. Most of the insulin, inhaled by fat cells due to lifestyle and eating habits. While the pancreas can not make enough insulin to overcome insulin deficiency so that blood sugar levels will rise.
Type 2 diabetes is a type of diabetes that affects the majority. Approximately 90% to 95% of diabetics suffers type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes, is most commonly suffered by adults over the age of 30 years and tends to get worse gradually.
Causes of Type 2 Diabetes
The cause of type 2 diabetes is the insulin produced by the pancreas is not sufficient to bind the sugar in the blood caus of diet or an unhealthy lifestyle. Some of the main causes of type 2 diabetes can be summarized as follows:
* genetic Factor.
* A diet or an unhealthy lifestyle. Numbers of fast food outlets (fast food), which presents the fatty and unhealthy foods.
* High cholesterol levels.
* Rarely exercise.
* Obesity or being overweight.
All causes of type 2 diabetes is generally due to unhealthy lifestyles. This makes the metabolism in the body is not perfect, so make insulin in the body can not function properly. The insulin hormone can be absorbed by fat in the body. Thus diet and unhealthy living light can make the body lacks insulin.
Type 2 Diabetes Treatment
Type 2 diabetes treatment is to force the work function of the pancreas so it can produce more insulin. If the pancreas can produce insulin the body needed, then the blood sugar levels would decrease due to be converted into energy. In many cases, can be treated with pills, at least initially, to stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin. The pill itself is not insulin.
However the pancreas can be tired if constantly forced to produce insulin. The best way is with a good diet to lose weight and sugar content, accompanied by appropriate calisthenics.
type 1 diabetes
In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas can not produce insulin. Because of the lack of insulin, the glucose stays in the bloodstream and can not be used as energy. Without enough insulin, glucose builds up in the bloodstream instead of going into the cells. The body is unable to use this glucose for energy. This leads to the symptoms of type 1 diabetes.
The exact cause of diabetes is unknown, but most likely there is a viral or environmental trigger in genetically susceptible people that causes an immune reaction. The body's white blood cells mistakenly attack the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Some reasons why the pancreas can not produce insulin are:
* genetic factors. If one or both parents had diabetes, then the children are at risk of diabetes.
* Autoimmune body is allergic to one type of cell or tissue itself -in this case- which exist in the pancreas. The body loses the ability to form insulin because the immune system destroys the cells that produce insulin.
* Virus or chemical substances, that cause damage to the cells (cell groups) in the pancreas where insulin is made.
Type 1 Diabetes Treatment
Because the pancreas produces insulin difficulties, then the insulin must be added each day. Generally by the injection. Is it possible with oral care? You can not, because insulin can be destroyed in the stomach when inserted through the mouth.
Another way is to improve the function of the pancreas. If the pancreas can function normally, the pancreas can produce insulin the body needs.