pap cervical smear test

According to Wikipedia.org, PAP SMEAR is a screening test used in gynecology to detect premalignant and malignant (cancerous) processes in the ectocervix. This test was invented by and named after the prominent Greek doctor Georgios Papanikolaou.

You should do the PAP SMEAR test with your reliable doctor. Here is some procces of PAP SMEAR test :
The doctor inserts a speculum into the patient's vagina, to allow access to the cervix. Samples are collected from the outer opening of the cervix using some "sterile" kind of spatula and an "endocervical" brush, or (more frequently with the advent of liquid-based cytology) a plastic-fronded broom. The broom is not as good a collection device, since it is much less effective at collecting endocervical material than the spatula and brush. Then the sample are placed on a glass slide and checked for abnormalities in the laboratory.

After your doctor do the "laboratory" test, you will get your report. You may get one of the following :

1. Normal Pap smear means that all the cells in your cervix are normal and healthy. There is nothing to worry about.
2. An abnormal Pap smear (if you got this second diagnosis, you should be worry)

• Inflammation (irritation). This can be caused by an infection of the cervix, including a yeast infection, infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) the herpes virus or many other infections.
• Abnormal cells. Usually called cervical dysplasia. This cells are not cancer cells, but may be precancerous (which means it could eventually turn into cancer).
• More serious signs of cancer. Usually affect the top layers of the cervix but don't go beyond the cervix.
• More advanced cancer.

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detect carvical cancer

Cervical cancer is one of the scourge for women. Unfortunately there are still many women who are not aware of this disease can be present because of the wrong lifestyle.

Some causes of this deadly cancer, such as :

1. marriage at young age
2. frequent pregnancies
3. smoking
4. long-term use of oral contraceptives
5. sexually transmitted infections.

Those who were infected rarely show symptoms in its early stages, and usually develop into cervical cancer a few years later.

Uterine cervical cancer in the female reproductive organs, attack the burrow entrance to the uterus or vaginal intercourse (vaginal). Health experts said that after infection of human papilloma virus (HPV) is not always the patient's body develops immunity, it is not protected from subsequent infection. Berstadium known cervical cancer can cause further harm to surrounding organs and can cause death.

In addition non-sexual transmission can occur through sharing of contaminated clothing in the long term. Most HPV infections lasted eight months and then disappear by itself.

But after two years, found about 10 percent of women still carry an active virus in the vagina and their cervix. It says health experts, cervical cancer usually attacks women have been outstanding, but the statistical evidence of another talk. This cancer attacks more women between the ages of 20 to 30 years. Cervical cancer occurs characterized by the growth of cells in the cervix are not uncommon.

But before these cells become cancer cells, there was some changes. Changes in these cells, normally takes many years before the cells had been transformed into cancer cells.
Cervical cancer has symptoms that should be watched ie :

1. vaginal bleeding
2. leucorrhoea
3. pelvic pains
4. can not urinate.

These abnormal cells can actually be detected its presence with a test called "Pap Smear Test", so that abnormal cells were detected as early as possible.

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Cervical cancer

For years the cause of cervical cancer is a mystery. Once considered the cause is multifactorial. That is, many factors combine. These factors include sexual intercourse at an early age, multiple sexual partners, and genetic factors.

But scientists later discovered that this deadly cancer caused by human papilloma virus (HPV). This virus infects the cervix and cause cell mutations in the region. Mutated cells that later develop into cancer cells, causing damage, and spread to other organs.

Human papilloma virus are manifold. Until recently known more than 40 types. Of these, only a few types associated with cervical cancer, among other HPV 16, 18, 45, 31. In cases of cervical carcinoma in Indonesia, the cause of most is from HPV type 18.

Was recently developed vaccination to prevent HPV infection. Is the trade name Gardasil ®. The vaccine is given via injection three times over a period of six months. Targeted vaccines are girls aged 11 and 12 years. Moreover, it can also be given to women aged 13 to 26 years.

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